Introduction

This report focuses on FY2022 discretionary appropriations for Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies.¹ Issues for Congress include determining the amount of funding for agencies and programs in the bill and the terms and conditions of such funding.

The focus of this report is the regular, annual appropriations for the Interior bill. This report first presents a short overview of FY2022 legislative action. It next provides an overview of the agencies and other entities funded in the Interior bill. It then describes the FY2022 appropriations for Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies requested by President Biden, passed by the House, contained in a draft released by the chair of the Senate Appropriations Committee, and enacted into law. (Hereinafter, the Senate Committee Majority Draft generally is referred to as the SCMD.) Subsequently, the report briefly compares FY2021 and FY2022 regular appropriations.² Finally, it provides a table showing each agency's regular appropriations enacted for FY2021, requested by the President for FY2022, passed by the House for FY2022, contained in the SCMD for FY2022, and enacted into law for FY2022. Agency and bill totals in this report generally reflect rescissions.

Appropriations are complex. Budget justifications for some agencies are large (often a few hundred pages long) and contain numerous funding, programmatic, and legislative changes for congressional consideration. Further, appropriations laws provide funds for numerous accounts, activities, and sub-activities, and their accompanying explanatory statements provide additional directives and other important information. This report does not provide in-depth information at the agency, account, and subaccount levels, nor does it generally detail budgetary reorganizations or legislative changes proposed or enacted for FY2022. For information on a particular agency or on individual accounts, programs, or activities administered by a particular agency, see the Congressional Research Service (CRS) products footnoted throughout this report or contact the key policy staff listed at the end of this report. In addition, selected reports related to appropriations for Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies, such as individual agencies (e.g., National Park Service) or cross-cutting programs (e.g., Wildland Fire Management), are listed under "Interior & Environment Appropriations" on the "Appropriations" Issue Area page on the CRS website.³

Overview of FY2022 Legislative Action

For FY2022, President Biden requested $46.17 billion for 35 agencies and entities funded in the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies appropriations bill. This total included $43.72 billion in regular appropriations and $2.45 billion for certain wildfire suppression activities under an adjustment to discretionary spending limits for FY2022. Under law, an adjustment can be made to discretionary spending limits to accommodate enacted funding for wildfire suppression.⁴ The President's FY2022 request also included $7.68 billion in advance appropriations for the Indian Health Service, with the funding becoming available for obligation in FY2023.⁵ Including these advance appropriations, the President's total request was $53.85 billion. This report generally focuses on the $46.17 billion total in requested funding that would become available in FY2022.

On July 6, 2021, the House Appropriations Committee reported H.R. 4372 (accompanied by H.Rept. 117-83). H.R. 4372 contained $45.92 billion for Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies, composed of $43.47 billion in regular appropriations and $2.45 billion for wildfire suppression under the discretionary cap adjustment as requested by the President. The House committee-reported bill did not include advance appropriations for the Indian Health Service as had been requested by the President.

Subsequently, on July 29, 2021, the House passed H.R. 4502, containing FY2022 appropriations of $45.91 billion in Division E for agencies in the Interior bill. This total included $43.46 billion in regular appropriations and $2.45 billion as requested by President Biden for wildfire suppression under the cap adjustment. The House-passed bill did not include advance appropriations for the Indian Health Service.

On October 18, 2021, the Senate Appropriations Committee chair released the Senate Committee Majority Draft (SCMD) bill and draft explanatory statement, with $44.70 billion for Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies. This total included $42.25 billion in regular appropriations and $2.45 billion as requested by the President for wildfire suppression under the cap adjustment. The SCMD contained an additional $6.59 billion in advance appropriations for the Indian Health Service beginning in FY2023. On October 20, 2021, S. 3034 was introduced reflecting the SCMD text; no further action was taken on S. 3034.⁶

On March 15, 2022, the President signed into law a measure containing $40.52 billion for Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies for FY2022. These appropriations were contained in Division G, the Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2022, of P.L. 117-103, the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022.⁷ The total included $38.07 billion in regular appropriations and $2.45 billion for wildfire suppression under the discretionary cap adjustment. This law did not include advance appropriations for the Indian Health Service.⁸

Because FY2022 appropriations had not been enacted at the start of the fiscal year on October 1, 2021, Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies had received appropriations under a continuing resolution (CR), extended by a series of measures providing continuing appropriations.⁹ The CR generally extended appropriations at the FY2021 levels until enactment of full-year appropriations. However, there were specific provisions for particular agencies and activities, including several in the Interior bill. These provisions related to National Park Service funding for heritage partnership programs, Land and Water Conservation Fund allocations, additional funding for the Indian Health Service, and funding for the Department of the Interior (DOI) Working Capital Fund related to implementation of cybersecurity safeguards.¹⁰

Overview of Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies

The annual Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies appropriations bill includes funding and other provisions for agencies and programs in three federal departments and for numerous related agencies. The Interior bill typically contains three primary appropriations titles and a fourth title with general provisions. Title I provides funding for most DOI agencies,¹¹ many of which manage land and other natural resource or regulatory programs. Title I also typically includes general provisions related to DOI agencies. Title II contains appropriations and administrative provisions for the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Title III, Related Agencies, generally funds about two dozen other entities, including the Forest Service in the Department of Agriculture; the Indian Health Service in the Department of Health and Human Services; arts and cultural agencies, including the Smithsonian Institution; and various other organizations and entities. Title III also contains administrative provisions for some agencies funded therein. Title IV, General Provisions, typically contains additional guidance and direction for agencies in the bill. Selected major agencies in the Interior bill are briefly described below.

Title I. Department of the Interior¹²

DOI's mission is to conserve and manage the nation's natural resources and cultural heritage; provide scientific and other information about those resources and natural hazards; and exercise trust responsibilities and other commitments to American Indians, Alaska Natives, and affiliated island communities.¹³ There are nine major DOI agencies and two other broad accounts funded in the Interior bill that carry out this mission. Hereinafter, these 11 entities are referred to collectively as the DOI agencies. The DOI agencies and their functions funded in the Interior bill include the following:

• The Bureau of Land Management administers about 244 million acres of federal public land, mostly in the West, for diverse uses such as energy and mineral development, livestock grazing, recreation, and preservation. The agency also administers approximately 710 million acres of federal onshore subsurface mineral estate throughout the nation and supervises the mineral operations on about 60 million acres of Indian trust lands.¹⁴
• The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service administers 89 million acres of federal land within the National Wildlife Refuge System and other areas,¹⁵ including 77 million acres in Alaska. It also manages several large marine refuges and marine national monuments, sometimes jointly with other federal agencies. In addition, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, together with the National Marine Fisheries Service (Department of Commerce), is responsible for implementing the Endangered Species Act (16 U.S.C. §§1531 et seq.); promoting wildlife habitat; enforcing federal wildlife laws; supporting wildlife and ecosystem science; conserving migratory birds; administering grants to aid state fish and wildlife programs; and coordinating with state, international, and other federal agencies on fish and wildlife issues.¹⁶
• The National Park Service administers 81 million acres of federal land within the National Park System, including 423 separate units in the 50 states, District of Columbia, and U.S. territories. Roughly two-thirds of the system's lands are in Alaska. The National Park Service has a dual mission—to preserve unique resources and to provide for their enjoyment by the public. The agency also supports and promotes some resource conservation activities outside the National Park System through grant and technical assistance programs and cooperation with partners.¹⁷
• The U.S. Geological Survey is a science agency that provides physical and biological information related to geological resources; natural hazards; climate and land use change; and energy, mineral, water, and biological sciences and resources. In addition, it is the federal government's principal civilian mapping agency (e.g., topographical and geological mapping) and a primary source of data on the quantity and quality of the nation's water resources (e.g., streamgaging).¹⁸
• The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management manages development of the nation's offshore conventional and renewable energy resources in the Atlantic, the Pacific, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Alaska region. These resources are located in areas covering approximately 2.5 billion acres located beyond state waters, much in the Alaska region (more than 1 billion acres) but also off all coastal states.¹⁹
• The Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement provides regulatory and safety oversight for resource development in the outer continental shelf. Among its responsibilities are oil and gas permitting, facility inspections, environmental compliance, and oil spill response planning.²⁰
• The Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement works with states and tribes to reclaim abandoned coal mining sites. The agency also regulates active coal mining sites to minimize environmental impacts during mining and to reclaim affected lands and waters after mining.²¹
• Indian Affairs agencies provide and fund a variety of services to American Indians and Alaska Natives.²² Two agencies take the lead in federal dealings with tribes. The Bureau of Indian Education funds an elementary and secondary school system, institutions of higher education, and other educational programs.²³ The Bureau of Indian Affairs is responsible for programs that include government operations, courts, law enforcement, fire protection, social programs, roads, economic development, employment assistance, housing repair, irrigation, dams, Indian rights protection, implementation of land and water settlements, and management of trust assets (real estate and natural resources).²⁴
• Departmental Offices covers diverse offices and programs. In the FY2022 appropriations law, they included the Office of the Secretary of the Interior, Insular Affairs, Office of the Solicitor, and Office of Inspector General.²⁵
• Department-Wide Programs covers varied programs and entities. In the FY2022 appropriations law, they included DOI Wildland Fire Management,²⁶ Central Hazardous Materials Fund, Energy Community Revitalization Program, Natural Resource Damage Assessment Fund, Working Capital Fund, and Office of Natural Resources Revenue.²⁷

Title II. Environmental Protection Agency

EPA has no organic statute establishing an overall mission; rather, the agency administers various environmental statutes that have an express or general objective to protect human health and the environment. Primary responsibilities include the implementation of federal statutes regulating air quality, water quality, drinking water safety, pesticides, toxic substances, management and disposal of solid and hazardous wastes, and cleanup of environmental contamination. EPA awards grants to assist states and local governments in implementing federal law and complying with federal requirements to control pollution. The agency also administers programs that provide financial assistance for public wastewater and drinking water infrastructure projects.²⁸

Title III. Related Agencies

In FY2022, Title III of the Interior bill funded about two dozen agencies, organizations, and other entities, which are collectively referred to as the "Related Agencies." Among the Related Agencies funded in the Interior bill, roughly 95% of the funding is typically provided to the following:

• The Forest Service in the Department of Agriculture manages 193 million acres of federal land within the National Forest System—consisting of national forests, national grasslands, and other areas—in 43 states, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. It also provides technical and financial assistance to states, tribes, and private forest landowners and conducts research on sustaining forest resources for future generations.²⁹
• The Indian Health Service in the Department of Health and Human Services provides medical and environmental health services for approximately 2.6 million American Indians and Alaska Natives. Health care is provided through a system of more than 600 hospitals, clinics, and health stations on or near Indian reservations. These facilities and programs are operated by the agency, tribes and tribal organizations, and urban Indian organizations.³⁰
• The Smithsonian Institution is a museum and research complex consisting of 19 museums and galleries, the National Zoological Park ("National Zoo"), and several research facilities throughout the United States and around the world.³¹ Established by federal legislation in 1846 with the acceptance of a trust donation by the institution's namesake benefactor, the Smithsonian is funded by both federal appropriations and a private trust.³²
• The National Endowment for the Arts and the National Endowment for the Humanities make up the National Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities. The National Endowment for the Arts is a major federal source of support for all arts disciplines. Since 1965, it has awarded more than 145,000 grants, which have been distributed to all states. The National Endowment for the Humanities generally supports grants for humanities education, research, preservation, and public humanities programs; creation of regional humanities centers; and development of humanities programs under the jurisdiction of state humanities councils. Since 1965, it has awarded more than 64,000 grants. It also supports a Challenge Grant program to stimulate and match private donations in support of humanities institutions.³³

FY2022 Appropriations

Components of President Biden's Request

For FY2022, President Biden requested $46.17 billion for 35 agencies and entities funded in the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies appropriations bill. This total included $43.72 billion in regular appropriations and $2.45 billion for certain wildfire suppression activities under an adjustment to discretionary spending limits for FY2022. Budget authority designated for those activities would cause the spending limits to be adjusted, making it effectively not subject to the limits, as noted.³⁴

The President's FY2022 request also included $7.68 billion in advance appropriations for the Indian Health Service, with the funding becoming available for obligation in FY2023. According to the Administration, "advance appropriations will ensure a predictable funding source for the Indian health system, avoiding the negative consequences of funding delays under continuing resolutions, and lapses in funding during government shutdowns."³⁵ Further, the Administration asserted that planning stability resulting from advance appropriations "would reduce unnecessary contract and administrative costs" and "alleviate concerns from potential recruits, especially health care providers, about the stability of their employment."³⁶ Including the $7.68 billion in advance appropriations, the President's total request for the Indian Health Service was $15.89 billion and the request for all Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies was $53.85 billion.

The $46.17 billion request (excluding advance appropriations) was broken out unevenly across the three major funding titles in the Interior bill and among agencies and entities within each title, as is typically the case. For the 11 DOI agencies in Title I of the bill, the request was $16.28 billion, or 35.3% of the request. For EPA, funded in Title II of the bill, the request was $11.23 billion, or 24.3% of the total. For about two dozen agencies and other entities for which the President sought funding in Title III of the bill, the request was $18.66 billion, or 40.4% of the total.

Appropriations for agencies vary widely for reasons relating to the number, breadth, and complexity of agency responsibilities; alternative sources of funding (e.g., mandatory appropriations); and Administration and congressional priorities, among other factors. Thus, although the FY2022 request covered 35 agencies, funding for a small subset of these agencies accounted for most of the total. For example, the requested appropriations for three agencies—Forest Service, EPA, and Indian Health Service—were more than half (60.3%) of the total request. Further, nearly three-quarters (73.6%) of the request was for these three agencies and two others, National Park Service and Bureau of Indian Affairs.

For DOI agencies, President Biden's requests for FY2022 ranged from $184.8 million for the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management to $3.50 billion for the National Park Service. The requests for 7 of the 11 agencies exceeded $1 billion. More than a third (37.6%) of the $16.28 billion requested for DOI agencies was for two agencies: the National Park Service ($3.50 billion) and the Bureau of Indian Affairs ($2.62 billion).

For Related Agencies in Title III for which the President sought funding, the requested levels exhibited more variation. They ranged from $1.0 million for the World War I Centennial Commission to $8.41 billion for the Forest Service.³⁷ The Indian Health Service, with a request of $8.21 billion, and the Smithsonian Institution, with a request of $1.10 billion, were the only other agencies in Title III for which the request was more than $1 billion. The next-largest request was $201.0 million for the National Endowment for the Arts, followed by $183.5 million for the National Gallery of Art and $177.6 million for the National Endowment for the Humanities. By contrast, nine Title III entities for which the President requested funding would have received less than $10 million each. Figure 1 identifies the share of President Biden's FY2022 request for particular agencies in the Interior bill.

Figure 1. Components of President Biden's FY2022 Request for Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies (in billions of dollars)

Source: Prepared by the Congressional Research Service (CRS) with data from the House and Senate Appropriations Committees. Notes: The FY2022 "Indian Affairs" request reflects funds for the Bureau of Indian Affairs, the Bureau of Indian Education, and the Bureau of Trust Funds Administration. The amount shown for Indian Health Service excludes $7.68 billion in advance appropriations requested by the President that would become available in FY2023. Agencies shown in shades of blue are in the Department of the Interior, Title I of the bill. The Environmental Protection Agency, shown in teal, is in Title II of the bill. Agencies shown in shades of olive-brown are the Related Agencies in Title III of the bill. Figures may not add to total shown due to rounding.

Components of House-Passed Bill

The Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2022 (H.R. 4502, Division E), as passed by the House on July 29, 2021, contained $45.91 billion for Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies. This total included $2.45 billion for wildfire suppression under the cap adjustment.³⁸

The House-passed bill did not include $7.68 billion in advance appropriations for the Indian Health Service beginning in FY2023. In its earlier report on H.R. 4372, the House Committee on Appropriations set out reasons for opposing the request for advance appropriations. These reasons included that the Indian Health Service is not on "the list of accounts for which advance appropriations can be made" and has not "commenced dialogue with the authorizing committees about this proposal."³⁹ Further, the House Committee on Appropriations expressed a need for more information on the proposal, including on "policies and procedures that may need to be changed in the event of advance appropriations."⁴⁰ The committee directed the Indian Health Service to submit related information to the committee.

Of the $45.91 billion in the House-passed bill, DOI agencies in Title I would have received $16.02 billion, or 34.9% of the total. EPA, funded in Title II of the bill, would have received $11.35 billion, or 24.7% of the total. The House-passed bill would have funded about two dozen agencies and other entities through Title III, with $18.55 billion, or 40.4% of the bill total.

The FY2022 House-passed appropriations for five agencies constituted nearly three-quarters of the $45.91 billion total. The appropriations for EPA, Forest Service, Indian Health Service, National Park Service, and Bureau of Indian Affairs totaled $33.84 billion, or 73.7% of the total.

For DOI agencies, the amounts in the FY2022 House-passed bill ranged from $170.4 million for the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement to $3.47 billion for the National Park Service. The House-passed amounts for 7 of the 11 DOI agencies exceeded $1 billion. For the roughly two dozen Related Agencies in Title III, the amounts ranged from $1.0 million (for the World War I Centennial Commission) to $8.35 billion (for the Forest Service).⁴¹ As under President Biden's request, the House would have provided three Title III agencies with more than $1 billion; in addition to the Forest Service, these agencies included the Indian Health Service ($8.11 billion) and the Smithsonian Institution ($1.10 billion). The next-largest amounts in Title III were $201.0 million for each of the National Endowment for the Arts and the National Endowment for the Humanities and $183.5 million for the National Gallery of Art. Other Title III agencies would have received lower funding amounts, including less than $10 million for each of eight agencies.

Components of SCMD

The SCMD, released by the chair of the Senate Appropriations Committee on October 18, 2021,⁴² contained a total of $44.70 billion for Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies. This total included $2.45 billion for wildfire suppression under the cap adjustment.⁴³

The draft contained an additional $6.59 billion in advance appropriations for the Indian Health Service beginning in FY2023. In its draft explanatory statement, the Senate Committee majority expressed that "this budgetary change will enable IHS to continue to provide health services without interruption or uncertainty, improving the quality of care and providing peace of mind for patients and medical providers."⁴⁴

Of the $44.70 billion in the SCMD, DOI agencies in Title I would have received $15.72 billion, or 35.2% of the total. EPA, funded in Title II of the bill, would have received $10.54 billion, or 23.6% of the total. The SCMD would have funded about two dozen agencies and other entities through Title III, with $17.99 billion, or 40.2% of the total. The draft also contained $0.45 billion (1% of the total) in a new Title IV, for infrastructure projects.

The SCMD would have provided five agencies with nearly three-quarters of the total funding. The appropriations for EPA, Forest Service, Indian Health Service, National Park Service, and Bureau of Indian Affairs totaled $32.47 billion, or 72.6% of the total.

For the 11 DOI agencies, the amounts in the FY2022 SCMD ranged from $184.8 million for the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management to $3.46 billion for the National Park Service. The SCMD amounts for seven of these agencies exceeded $1 billion. For the roughly two dozen Related Agencies in Title III, the amounts ranged from $0.2 million (for the Alyce Spotted Bear and Walter Soboleff Commission on Native Children) to $8.35 billion (for the Forest Service).⁴⁵ As under President Biden's request and the House-passed bill, the SCMD would have provided three Title III agencies with more than $1 billion; in addition to the Forest Service, these agencies included the Indian Health Service ($7.62 billion) and the Smithsonian Institution ($1.10 billion). The next-largest amounts in Title III were $183.5 million for the National Gallery of Art and $182.5 million for each of the National Endowment for the Arts and the National Endowment for the Humanities. Other Title III agencies would have received lower funding amounts, including less than $10 million for each of nine agencies.

Components of FY2022 Enacted Appropriations

The FY2022 appropriations law (P.L. 117-103, Division G), enacted on March 15, 2022, contained a total of $40.52 billion for Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies. This total included $2.45 billion for wildfire suppression under the cap adjustment.⁴⁶ The law did not include advance appropriations for the Indian Health Service beginning in FY2023. However, advance appropriations for the Indian Health Service were enacted in an earlier law (P.L. 117-58, Division J).

Of the $40.52 billion total, DOI agencies in Title I received $14.52 billion, or 35.8% of the total. EPA, funded in Title II of the bill, received $9.56 billion, or 23.6% of the total. For about two dozen agencies and other entities funded in Title III, the law contained $16.44 billion, or 40.6% of the total.

The FY2022 law contained nearly three-quarters of total funding for five agencies, similar to the President's request, the House passed bill, and the SCMD. Specifically, the appropriations in the FY2022 law for EPA, Forest Service, Indian Health Service, National Park Service, and Bureau of Indian Affairs totaled $29.54 billion, or 72.9% of the total.

For the 11 DOI agencies, the FY2022 law provided funding ranging from $155.9 million for the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement to $3.26 billion for the National Park Service. The appropriations for seven of the 11 agencies exceeded $1 billion. For the Related Agencies in Title III, the amounts ranged from $0.2 million (for the Alyce Spotted Bear and Walter Soboleff Commission on Native Children) to $7.82 billion (for the Forest Service).⁴⁷ As under President Biden's request, the House-passed bill, and the SCMD, the FY2022 appropriations law contained more than $1 billion for two entities in addition to the Forest Service. They are the Indian Health Service, with $6.63 billion, and the Smithsonian Institution, with $1.06 billion. The next-largest funding levels in Title III were $180.5 million for the National Gallery of Art and $180.0 million for each of the National Endowment for the Arts and the National Endowment for the Humanities. Other Title III agencies received lower funding amounts, including less than $10 million for each of nine agencies.

Comparison of FY2022 and FY2021 Appropriations⁴⁸

The FY2022 enacted appropriation of $40.52 billion was $5.65 billion less than the President requested ($46.17 billion), $5.40 billion less than passed by the House ($45.91 billion), and $4.19 billion less than included in the SCMD ($44.70 billion). The FY2022 enacted appropriation also contained less funding for each of the three major titles of the bill than had been requested by the President, approved the House, and contained in the SCMD. It is unclear whether and to what extent the FY2022 enacted appropriation was lower because of the earlier enactment of FY2022 appropriations in P.L. 117-43 or P.L. 117-58.

However, the FY2022 enacted appropriation was $2.00 billion more than the FY2021 enacted amount of $38.52 billion, and it contained higher funding than was enacted for FY2021 for each of the three major titles of the bill. Specifically, the FY2022 enacted appropriation included $795.7 million more for DOI agencies in Title I, $322.3 million more for EPA in Title II, and $877.0 million more for Related Agencies in Title III, relative to the FY2021 levels.

Further, the FY2022 appropriation was higher than the FY2021 appropriation for each of the 11 individual DOI agencies, four of which received increases over FY2021 of more than $100 million. They are the Bureau of Land Management ($101.3 million increase), Bureau of Indian Affairs ($104.1 million increase), Department-Wide Programs ($110.5 million increase), and National Park Service ($142.3 million increase). The FY2022 appropriation also was higher than the FY2021 appropriation for each EPA account, except that for both years the Hazardous Waste Electronic Manifest System Fund received the same appropriation matched by offsetting collections.⁴⁹

Most, but not all, Title III agencies received higher appropriations for FY2022 than for FY2021. The two agencies with the highest appropriations received the largest dollar increases over FY2021. Specifically, the Forest Service's $7.82 billion appropriation was an increase of $396.4 million over FY2021, and the Indian Health Service's $6.63 billion appropriation was an increase of $394.7 million over FY2021.

The FY2022 enacted appropriation contained $2.45 billion for wildfire suppression under the discretionary cap adjustment. That was the maximum amount available under law for FY2022, and the same as the amount requested by the President, passed by the House, and contained in the SCMD for FY2022. The FY2021 enacted appropriation was $2.35 billion, the maximum under law for that year.⁵⁰

The FY2022 appropriations law (P.L. 117-103, Division G) did not contain advance appropriations for the Indian Health Service, though legislation enacted earlier (P.L. 117-58, Division J) contained advance appropriations for the agency, as noted. Neither the FY2021 enacted appropriations nor the House-passed bill for FY2022 contained advance appropriations for the Indian Health Service, unlike the President's request and the SCMD.

Figure 2 depicts FY2021 enacted appropriations; FY2022 appropriations in President Biden's request, the House-passed bill, and the SCMD; and the FY2022 enacted appropriations. It shows the appropriations contained in each of the three main appropriations titles of the Interior bill—Title I (DOI), Title II (EPA), and Title III (Related Agencies). Further, it shows the appropriations included in a new Title IV, General Provisions, in the SCMD. For FY2021 enacted appropriations, it depicts the regular annual appropriations in P.L. 116-260, Division G. For the President's FY2022 request, it depicts amounts shown in tables prepared by the Appropriations Committees. For FY2022 House-passed appropriations, it depicts the amounts contained in H.R. 4502, Division E. For FY2022 SCMD appropriations, it depicts the amounts contained in the draft released by the chair of the Senate Appropriations Committee on October 18, 2021. For FY2022 enacted appropriations, it depicts the regular annual appropriations in P.L. 117-103, Division G. Similarly, Table 1, at the end of this report, lists the appropriations for each agency that were enacted for FY2021 in P.L. 116-260, Division G, requested by President Biden for FY2022, passed by the House in H.R. 4502, Division E for FY2022, contained in the SCMD for FY2022, and enacted for FY2022 in P.L. 117-103, Division G.

Figure 2. Appropriations for Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies, by Major Title, FY2021-FY2022

Source: Prepared by CRS with data from the House and Senate Appropriations Committees. Notes: SCMD = Senate Committee Majority Draft. The FY2021 enacted appropriation was contained in P.L. 116-260, Division G. The total FY2022 request shown excludes $7.68 billion in advance appropriations for the Indian Health Service, which would become available for obligation in FY2023. House-passed appropriations for FY2022 were contained in H.R. 4502, Division E. SCMD appropriations for FY2022 were released by the chair of the Senate Committee on Appropriations on October 18, 2021, and introduced in the Senate on October 20, 2021, as S. 3034. The SCMD total excludes $6.59 billion in advance appropriations for the Indian Health Service, which would become available for obligation in FY2023. The FY2022 enacted appropriation was contained in P.L. 117-103, Division G. The FY2022 total shown excludes $1.78 billion in FY2022 emergency supplemental appropriations for multiple agencies for disaster relief, contained in Division B, Disaster Relief Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2022, of P.L. 117-43, the Extending Government Funding and Delivering Emergency Assistance Act. It also excludes a total of $95.71 billion for multiple agencies contained in Division J, Appropriations, of P.L. 117-58, the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, composed of the following amounts: $33.56 billion in FY2022 emergency appropriations for multiple agencies, $6.11 billion in advance appropriations for EPA, and $56.04 billion in emergency advance appropriations for multiple agencies (the advance appropriations become available for obligation in future fiscal years).