Summary
On February 24, 2022, Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine. In response, Congress has considered legislation related to the conflict, including, for example, funding and assistance to Ukraine, condemnation of the Russian invasion, and sanctions. This report compiles selected congressional votes on legislation, including amendments and resolutions, introduced in response to Russia's war in Ukraine.
Introduction
On February 24, 2022, Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine, a country that Russia first invaded in 2014.1 In response to Russia's aggression against Ukraine, Congress and the President have enacted multiple measures, including five supplemental appropriations laws providing assistance to Ukraine and other related funding.
This report compiles congressional votes on legislation, including amendments and resolutions, in response to the 2022 Russian war on Ukraine. To identify relevant votes, CRS searched Congress.gov for legislation that (1) referenced Russia or Ukraine in the bill or amendment text; (2) received floor votes; and (3) was either introduced in Congress following the February 24, 2022 Russian invasion or was amended in response to that invasion. The following tables include legislation that either references the Russian invasion into Ukraine, introduces sanctions or other actions against Russia and countries assisting Russia following the invasion, or provides assistance and support to Ukraine or other countries in response to the invasion. Legislation that more generally references either country, but is unrelated to responding to the conflict, was excluded.
In particular, the report focuses on floor votes related to the passage of bills, resolving of differences, and conference reports. It also includes votes on amendments introduced in response to Russia's actions against Ukraine. Procedural votes (e.g., votes to recommit the bill to a committee or cloture votes) are not included in the report.2 This report does not provide information on votes that were taken in House or Senate committees.
This report includes three tables:
Each table includes the number of the bill or amendment, title of the legislation, and a brief description of the legislation. Each table also provides the date, vote type (voice or roll call), and, if by-roll call, the assigned number and result for each major vote. The laws, bills, and resolutions below are listed in the chronological order in which the votes were held. Links to the roll call votes are embedded in the tables below. These links include each Member's yea, nay, or present vote. In some cases, House or Senate votes are voice votes, or an action was taken by unanimous consent, and thus no roll call vote exists.3 More complete bill information is available on Congress.gov.
This report is current through September 1, 2024, and will be updated as events warrant.
For more information on legislation related to Russia's war on Ukraine, see the following CRS products:
Congressional Votes in Response to the Russia-Ukraine War
|
Bill or Amendment Number |
Title and Description |
Public Law |
House |
Senate |
|
Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2022 Provides supplemental appropriations for activities to support Ukraine. |
P.L. 117-103, Div. N |
3/9/2022 |
3/10/2022 |
|
|
3/9/2022 |
||||
|
Ukraine Democracy Defense Lend-Lease Act of 2022b Waives certain requirements related to the President's authority to lend or lease defense articles intended for Ukraine's government or the governments of Eastern European countries affected by Russia's invasion of Ukraine. |
4/28/2022 |
4/6/2022 |
||
|
Additional Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2022 Provides $40.1 billion in FY2022 emergency supplemental appropriations to respond to Russia's invasion of Ukraine. It also provides appropriations for several federal departments and agencies. |
5/10/2022 |
5/19/2022 |
||
|
Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2023 Provides supplemental appropriations to Ukraine and continuing FY2023 appropriations to federal agencies through December 16, 2022. |
P.L. 117-180, Div. B |
9/30/2022 |
9/29/2022 |
|
|
National Defense Authorization Act for FY2023 Authorizes FY2023 appropriations and policies for DOD programs and activities. See also Subtitle D—Matters Relating to Russia. See the following sections: Section 1241. Modification and extension of Ukraine Security Assistance Initiative.c Section 5590. Imposition of sanctions with respect to the sale, supply, or transfer of gold to or from Russia.d Section 5948. Ukraine Invasion War Crimes Deterrence and Accountability Act.e |
12/8/2022 |
12/15/2022 |
||
|
Additional Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2023 Provides appropriations to federal agencies for the remainder of FY2023, and provides supplemental appropriations for disaster relief and to support Ukraine. |
P.L. 117-328, Div. Mf |
12/23/2022 |
12/22/2022 Passed (68-29) |
|
|
National Defense Authorization Act for FY2024 Authorizes FY2024 appropriations and policies for DOD programs and activities. See Section1241. Extension of Ukraine Security Assistance Initiative. See also Subtitle C—Matters Relating to Ukraine, Russia, and NATO. |
7/14/2023 |
7/27/2023 |
||
|
12/14/2023 |
12/13/2023 |
|||
|
Strikes $300 million of Ukraine funding. |
— |
7/13/2023 |
— |
|
|
Prohibits security assistance for Ukraine. |
— |
7/13/2023 |
— |
|
|
Strikes Section 1224 of the bill, which extends lend-lease authority to Ukraine.g |
— |
7/13/2023 |
— |
|
|
Prohibits cluster munitions or cluster munitions technology to be sold or transferred to Ukraine. |
— |
7/13/2023 |
— |
|
|
Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2024 Provides FY2024 appropriations to the Department of Defense (DOD) for military activities. Section 8104, Ukraine Security Assistance Initiative, was removed from House-passed version of this bill.h |
— |
— |
— |
|
|
Decreases Section 8104, Ukraine Security Assistance Initiative by $300 million, and increases the Spending Reduction Account by $300 million. |
— |
9/27/2023 |
— |
|
|
Prohibits security assistance for Ukraine |
— |
9/27/2023 |
— |
|
|
Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2024 Provides FY2024 appropriations for the Department of State, foreign operations, and related programs. See Ukraine-specific provision in Section 7046(b). |
— |
9/28/2023 |
— |
|
|
Prohibits assistance to Ukraine. |
— |
9/28/2023 |
— |
|
|
Ukraine Security Assistance and Oversight Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024 Provides FY2024 supplemental appropriations to the Department of Defense (DOD) for assistance to Ukraine and establishes the Office of the Special Inspector General for Ukraine Assistance. |
— |
9/28/2023 |
— |
|
|
Ukraine Security Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024i Provides FY2024 supplemental appropriations to several federal agencies for assistance to Ukraine, Israel, and Taiwan. |
P.L. 118-50, Div. B |
4/19/2024 |
2/13/2024 4/23/2024 |
|
|
Substitute amendment, which substituted the National Security Act, 2024 for the RELIEVE Act.j The National Security Act, 2024, included Ukraine-related funding provisions. |
— |
2/12/2024 |
||
|
Rebuilding Economic Prosperity and Opportunity for Ukrainians Act (REPO for Ukrainians Act) Requires, or authorizes, the confiscation and disposition of Russian sovereign assets. These assets must be deposited in the Ukraine Support Fund, which will be used by the Department of State to compensate Ukraine for damages caused by the Russia. |
P.L. 118-50, Div. F |
4/20/2024 |
2/13/2024 |
|
|
4/23/2024 |
||||
|
Ukraine Security Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024 Provides FY2024 supplemental appropriations for federal departments and agencies to respond to the conflict in Ukraine. |
— |
4/20/2024 |
— |
|
|
Strikes Sections 401, 402, 403, and 407 from the bill. |
— |
4/20/2024 |
— |
|
|
Reduces every dollar amount in the bill to zero. |
— |
4/20/2024 |
— |
|
|
Eliminates all nonmilitary funding related to Ukraine. |
— |
4/20/2024 |
— |
|
|
Servicemember Quality of Life Improvement and National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2025 Authorizes FY2024 appropriations and policies for DOD programs and activities. See Section 1240, Report on war in Ukraine; Section 1245, Report and strategy for U.S. involvement in Ukraine; and Section 1247, Report on certain assistance to Ukraine. |
— |
6/14/2024 |
— |
|
|
Provides that none of the funds made available by this act may be used for assistance to Ukraine. |
— |
6/13/2024 |
— |
|
|
Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2025 Provides FY2025 appropriations for the Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs. |
— |
6/28/2024 |
— |
|
|
Prohibits funds to approve of Foreign Military Sales to Ukraine. |
— |
6/27/2024 |
— |
|
|
Prohibits funds for the Bilateral Security Agreement between the United States of America and Ukraine. |
— |
6/27/2024 |
— |
|
|
Prohibits funds for the Special Representative for Ukraine's Economic Recovery. |
— |
6/27/2024 |
— |
|
|
Prohibits funding for Ukraine. |
— |
6/27/2024 |
— |
|
|
Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2025k Provides FY2025 appropriations to the Department of Defense (DOD) for military activities. |
— |
— |
— |
|
|
Prohibits funding for Ukraine. |
— |
6/27/2024 |
Source: CRS compiled the table using data from Congress.gov.
Notes: Bill numbers and titles are in bold. For more detailed vote information, the bill numbers above link to Congress.gov. UC = Unanimous Consent. Some of the supplemental appropriations legislation on Ukraine was part of either consolidated or continuing appropriations acts, and such votes were taken on the legislation itself, and not specific to Ukraine.
a. H.R. 2471 was first introduced as "An Act to measure the progress of post-disaster recovery and efforts to address corruption, governance, rule of law, and media freedoms in Haiti." On March 9, 2022, the House passed H.Res. 973, which provided for consideration of H.R. 2471 (Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022), H.J.Res. 75 (Continuing FY2022 appropriations), H.R. 6968 (Ending Importation of Russian Oil Act), and H.R. 7007 (COVID Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2022), by 218-204 (Roll no. 64). Prior votes on H.R. 2471 that were unrelated to appropriations and Ukraine are not included in the table.
b. The Ukraine Democracy Defense Lend-Lease Act of 2022 expired on September 30, 2023.
c. "U.S. security assistance includes the Department of Defense's Ukraine Security Assistance Initiative (USAI; P.L. 114-92, §1250), which is intended to support Ukraine's sovereignty and territorial integrity and to help Ukraine defend against further aggression." For more information on the Ukraine Security Assistance Initiative, see CRS Report R45008, Ukraine: Background, Conflict with Russia, and U.S. Policy, by Cory Welt, and CRS In Focus IF12040, U.S. Security Assistance to Ukraine, by Christina L. Arabia, Andrew S. Bowen, and Cory Welt.
d. P.L. 117-263, Title LV, Subtitle G, Section 5590, Imposition of sanctions with respect to the sale, supply, or transfer of gold to or from Russia, requires the President to send a report to Congress identifying foreign persons that participate in the sale, supply, or transfer of gold directly, or indirectly, to or from the Russian Federation, and impose sanctions on them.
e. P.L. 117-263, Title LIX, Subtitle E, Section 5948, Ukraine Invasion War Crimes Deterrence and Accountability Act, requires the President to report to Congress on atrocities committed during Russia's invasion of Ukraine since February 24, 2022.
f. P.L. 117-328, Division M, the "Additional Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2023" was first approved in the Senate as part of an amendment to a House amendment to a Senate amendment to H.R. 2617. H.R. 2617, as initially passed by the House, was an unrelated bill. Senate amendments to the House bill were also unrelated. The House amendment to a Senate amendment contained appropriations, but not for Ukraine. Votes on those versions of legislation are therefore not included in the table.
g. The House-passed FY2024 NDAA included Section 1224, which would have extended the Ukraine Democracy Defense Lend-Lease Act of 2022 (which had expired on September 30, 2023). However, Section 1224 was removed during conference proceedings. Per H.Rept. 118-301, the conference report to the FY2024 NDAA, the "House bill contained a provision (§1224) that would extend the Ukraine Democracy Defense Lend-Lease Act of 2022 (P.L. 117-118) through fiscal year 2024…. The Senate amendment contained no similar provision. The House recedes."
h. Section 8104, Ukraine Security Assistance Initiative, was removed from the House-passed version of H.R. 4365. Votes for the legislation are not included in the table.
i. The House passed the bill, originally, as the RELIEVE Act (Removing Extraneous Loopholes Insuring Every Veteran Emergency Act). S.Amdt. 1388 to H.R. 815 was an amendment in the nature of a substitute, replacing the original text with the National Security Act, 2024. Prior votes unrelated to the National Security Act, 2024, are not included in the table.
j. S.Amdt. 1388 to H.R. 815 was an amendment in the nature of a substitute, replacing the original text of the RELIEVE Act (Removing Extraneous Loopholes Insuring Every Veteran Emergency Act) with the National Security Act, 2024. S.Amdt. 1388 to H.R. 815 included provisions related to Ukraine funding.
k. H.R. 8774 did not include any appropriations or relevant provisions on Ukraine. Votes for the legislation are not included in the table.
|
Bill Number |
Title and Description |
Public Law Number |
House |
Senate |
|
Ending Importation of Russian Oil Act Prohibits the importation of energy products from the Russian Federation. |
3/9/2022 |
4/7/2022 |
||
|
4/7/2022 |
||||
|
Suspending Normal Trade Relations with Russia and Belarus Act Suspends normal trade relations with Russia and Belarus. |
3/17/2022 |
4/7/2022 |
||
|
4/7/2022 |
||||
|
Ukraine Invasion War Crimes Deterrence and Accountability Acta Requires the President to report to Congress on atrocities committed during Russia's invasion of Ukraine since February 24, 2022. |
— |
4/6/2022 |
— |
|
|
Protecting Semiconductor Supply Chain Materials from Authoritarians Act Establishes an interagency working group to address semiconductor supply chain issues caused by Russia's attack on Ukraine. |
— |
4/27/2022 |
— |
|
|
To oppose violations of religious freedom in Ukraine by Russia and armed groups commanded or otherwise supported by or acting on behalf of Russia Directs the President when determining whether Russia is a country of particular concern for religious freedom under certain federal laws to consider incidents occurring in the parts of Ukraine occupied by Russia. |
— |
4/27/2022 |
— |
|
|
Asset Seizure for Ukraine Reconstruction Act Establishes working group to determine legal mechanisms that may be used to seize assets belonging to certain foreign persons affiliated with Russia's political leadership. |
— |
4/27/2022 |
— |
|
|
Russia and Belarus Financial Sanctions Act of 2022 Requires U.S. financial institutions to take all necessary actions to comply with financial sanctions applicable to Russia or Belarus to the extent required. |
— |
5/11/2022 |
— |
|
|
Isolate Russian Government Officials Act of 2022 Requires the Department of the Treasury, the Securities and Exchange Commission, and the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System to exclude Russian government officials from certain international meetings. |
— |
5/11/2022 |
— |
|
|
Russia and Belarus SDR Exchange Prohibition Act of 2022 Prohibits the Department of Treasury from engaging in any transaction involving the exchange of Special Drawing Rights held by Russia or Belarus and to take actions to oppose financial assistance to Russia or Belarus. |
5/11/2022 |
9/21/2022 |
||
|
Corruption, Overthrowing Rule of Law, and Ruining Ukraine: Putin's Trifecta Act Requires the President to report to Congress a determination as to whether specified Russian persons meet the criteria to be subject to sanctions. |
— |
9/20/2022H.Res. 1361, Passed (361-69) |
— |
|
|
Prohibiting Russian Uranium Imports Act Limits the importation of uranium from Russia. |
12/11/2023 |
4/30/2024 |
||
|
No Russian Agriculture Act Requires Department of the Treasury to instruct U.S. representatives to international financial institutions to support projects that decrease reliance on Russia for agricultural commodities. |
— |
1/12/2024 |
— |
|
|
21st Century Peace through Strength Act Authorizes the President to impose certain sanctions with respect to Russia, including authorizing the President to seize and transfer certain Russian sovereign assets to fund Ukrainian war compensation or reconstruction. |
— |
4/20/2024 Passed (360-58) |
— |
Source: CRS compiled the table using data from Congress.gov.
Notes: Bill numbers and titles are in bold. For more detailed vote information, the bill numbers above link to Congress.gov. UC = Unanimous Consent.
a. The Ukraine Invasion War Crimes Deterrence and Accountability Act was later inserted into Section 5948 of the National Defense Authorization Act FY2023 (P.L. 117-263, Title LIX, Subtitle E, §5948).
b. Section 2 of H.Res. 1361 authorized the Majority Leader to make a single motion to suspend the rules with respect to multiple measures, including H.R. 6846.
Table 3. Congressional Resolution Votes Related to Russia and Ukraine
February 24, 2022–September 1, 2024
|
Resolution Number |
Title |
House Vote |
Senate Vote |
|
Supporting the people of Ukraine. |
3/2/2022 |
n/a |
|
|
A resolution expressing the sense of the Senate condemning the Russia Federation, President Vladimir Putin, members of the Russian Security Council, the Russian Armed Forces, and Russian military commanders for committing atrocities, including alleged war crimes, against the people of Ukraine and others. |
n/a |
3/15/2022 |
|
|
Calling on the United States government to uphold the founding democratic principles of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and establish a Center for Democratic Resilience within the headquarters of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. |
4/5/2022 |
n/a |
|
|
Reaffirming support for strong United States and Moldova relations, Moldova's democracy, and its sovereignty and territorial integrity. |
4/27/2022 |
n/a |
|
|
A resolution expressing appreciation for the efforts of the Republic of Poland to assist Ukrainian refugees and support the sovereignty of Ukraine following the Russian invasion of Ukraine. |
n/a |
5/26/2022 |
|
|
A resolution calling for the immediate release of Russian opposition leader Vladimir Kara-Murza, who was unjustly detained on April 11, 2022. |
n/a |
5/26/2022 |
|
|
A resolution commending the Government and people of the Republic of Moldova for their heroic efforts to support Ukrainian refugees fleeing President Putin's illegal war against Ukraine. |
n/a |
7/13/2022 |
|
|
Expressing support for the sovereign decision of Finland and Sweden to apply to join the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) as well as calling on all members of NATO to ratify protocols of accession swiftly. |
7/18/2022 |
n/a |
|
|
A resolution calling on the Secretary of State to designate the Russian Federation as a state sponsor of terrorism. |
n/a |
7/27/2022 |
|
|
Condemning recent actions taken by the Russian military to down a United States Air Force drone. |
4/17/2023 |
n/a |
|
|
Calling for the immediate Release of Evan Gershkovich, a U.S. citizen and journalist, who was wrongfully detained by the Government of the Russian Federation in March 2023. |
6/13/2023 |
n/a |
|
|
A concurrent resolution condemning Russia's unjust and arbitrary detention of Russian opposition leader Vladimir Kara-Murza, who has stood up in defense of democracy, the rule of law, and free and fair elections in Russia. |
n/a |
11/2/2023 |
|
|
Condemning the illegal abduction and forcible transfer of children from Ukraine to the Russian Federation. |
3/19/2024 |
n/a |
|
|
A resolution calling for the immediate release of Evan Gershkovich, a U.S. citizen and journalist, who was wrongfully detained by the Government of the Russian Federation in March 2023. |
n/a |
06/04/2024 Agreed to (UC) |
|
|
Condemning Russia's unjust and arbitrary detention of Russian opposition leader Vladimir Kara-Murza who has stood up in defense of democracy, the rule of law, and free and fair elections in Russia. |
6/11/2024 Agreed to (Voice Vote) |
— |
Source: CRS compiled the table using data from Congress.gov.
Notes: For more detailed vote information, the bill numbers above link to Congress.gov. UC = Unanimous Consent. n/a = Not Applicable.
a. H.Res. 831 was first introduced on December 2, 2021, prior to the Russian invasion. However, the resolution was amended following the invasion referencing the Russian invasion.
b. H.Res. 833 was first introduced on December 2, 2021, prior to the Russia invasion. However, the resolution was amended following the invasion that included a provision on Moldova's response to the Russian invasion by opening its borders to refugees fleeing Ukraine.
| 1. |
For more information on Russia's war on Ukraine, see CRS In Focus IF12277, Russia's War on Ukraine: U.S. Policy and the Role of Congress, coordinated by Cory Welt. |
| 2. |
For more information on procedural votes in both the House and Senate, see CRS Report 95-563, The Legislative Process on the House Floor: An Introduction, by Christopher M. Davis, and CRS Report 96-548, The Legislative Process on the Senate Floor: An Introduction, by Valerie Heitshusen. |
| 3. |
For more information on voting methods in both the House and the Senate, see CRS Report R43424, Considering Legislation on the House Floor: Common Practices in Brief, by Elizabeth Rybicki; CRS Report 98-228, House Voting Procedures: Forms and Requirements, by Jane A. Hudiburg; and CRS Report 96-452, Voting and Quorum Procedures in the Senate, coordinated by Elizabeth Rybicki. |