Policy Library

14 documents

Congressional Careers: Service Tenure and Patterns of Member Service, 1789-2025
Congressional Research Service · 2025-01-22 · Reports · 5,796 words · PDF available
The average service tenure of Members of the Senate and House of Representatives has varied substantially since 1789. This report presents data on Member tenure over time, analyzes factors that affect...
Defense Primer: The Department of Defense
Congressional Research Service · 2025-01-22 · Resources · 1,597 words · PDF available
The Department of Defense (DOD) was established after World War II by the 1947 National Security Act (P.L. 80-253). At the time, some, including President Truman, took the view that the different comp...
FEMA’s Support Role: Migration at the Southwest Border
Congressional Research Service · 2025-01-22 · Resources · 1,552 words · PDF available
Introduction On multiple occasions, Presidents and U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) Secretaries have tasked the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) with supporting the federal respons...
Farm Bill Primer: Disaster Assistance
Congressional Research Service · 2025-01-22 · Resources · 1,558 words · PDF available
Several federal programs help agricultural producers recover from the effects of natural disasters, including the Noninsured Crop Disaster Assistance Program (NAP), livestock and fruit tree disaster p...
Social Security: Major Decisions in the House and Senate Since 1935
Congressional Research Service · 2025-01-22 · Reports · 52,960 words · PDF available
Social Security—formally known as Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance—was enacted in 1935 and has been amended numerous times. Lists and summaries of individual major Social Security amendmen...
Human-focused education: Advancing broader purposes of education through the science of learning
Brookings Institution · 2025-01-22 · Article · 9,022 words · PDF available
How do we reform the American education system to ensure that students have access to a breadth of skills? Answer: The science of learning.
Explaining the Brookings Regulatory Tracker
Brookings Institution · 2025-01-22 · Article · 4,142 words · PDF available
The Center on Regulation and Markets provide context around the regulatory process, details on what actions the Brookings Regulatory Tracker includes, and guidance on how to use its interactive featur...
Learning on the move
Brookings Institution · 2025-01-22 · Article · 15,638 words · PDF available
2022 Echidna Scholar Halimatou Hima analyzes the effects of insecurity on education in the Sahel.
How will South Korea navigate US-China competition in 2025?
Brookings Institution · 2025-01-22 · Article · 7,667 words · PDF available
Intensifying U.S.-China competition may lead South Korea to recalibrate its relationship with the United States and China.
International Agreement on Plastic Pollution: Negotiations
Congressional Research Service · 2025-01-22 · Resources · 1,632 words · PDF available
Global plastic waste is projected to almost triple by 2060. Plastic waste can lead to plastic pollution when it enters the environment, including terrestrial freshwater, and marine ecosystems. There a...
TikTok Inc. v. Garland: Supreme Court Rejects Challenge to TikTok Divestiture Law
Congressional Research Service · 2025-01-22 · Posts · 2,791 words · PDF available
On Friday, January 17, 2025, the Supreme Court rejected a First Amendment challenge to the Protecting Americans from Foreign Adversary Controlled Applications Act (“PAFACAA” or “the act”). The decisio...
The Controlled Substances Act (CSA): A Legal Overview for the 119th Congress
Congressional Research Service · 2025-01-22 · Reports · 28,338 words · PDF available
The Controlled Substances Act (CSA) establishes a unified legal framework to regulate certain drugs and other substances that are deemed to pose a risk of abuse and dependence. The CSA may apply to dr...
ITER—An International Nuclear Fusion Research and Development Facility
Congressional Research Service · 2025-01-22 · Reports · 5,696 words · PDF available
ITER, previously referred to as the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, is a multibillion-dollar collaboration of the European Union (host), China, India, Japan, Russia, South Korea, and...
U.S. Air Force Collaborative Combat Aircraft (CCA)
Congressional Research Service · 2025-01-22 · Resources · 1,390 words · PDF available
What Are Collaborative Combat Aircraft (CCA)? The U.S. Air Force is developing a new type of uncrewed weapon system called Collaborative Combat Aircraft. The Air Force contends that CCA is being creat...