Policy Library

12 documents

Supreme Court: Retribution Tied to the Original Offense Cannot Factor into Supervised Release Revocation Decisions
Congressional Research Service · 2025-08-01 · Posts · 2,799 words · PDF available
What are the legitimate reasons a government may subject an individual to criminal punishment? Western penological theory and American legal history generally identify four principled bases for crimin...
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Regulation of Employee Exposure to Heat
Congressional Research Service · 2025-08-01 · Posts · 908 words · PDF available
Employees who work outdoors, including those in industries such as construction and agriculture, may be exposed to extreme heat conditions. Similarly, certain indoor work situations—such as bakeries, ...
Peru: Country Overview and U.S. Relations
Congressional Research Service · 2025-08-01 · Resources · 1,733 words · PDF available
Peru is a geographically and ethnically diverse country encompassing portions of the Amazon Basin, the Andean highlands, and the Pacific coast of South America (Figure 1). In 2001, Peru transitioned f...
Overview of Language-Access Requirements for Federally Funded Programs and Federal Agencies
Congressional Research Service · 2025-08-01 · Resources · 1,674 words · PDF available
Federal funding recipients and federal agencies may have certain legal obligations to provide their services to non-English speakers, though recent executive orders and regulatory activity have change...
Rising Agricultural Wages: Context for Congressional Interest in the H-2A Visa Program
Congressional Research Service · 2025-08-01 · Reports · 8,379 words · PDF available
In recent years, wages for hired workers in agriculture have been rising faster than the general rate of wage increases in the United States. This could be a concern for Congress because rising agricu...
Taiwan’s recall vote: Implications for Taiwan, China, and the United States
Brookings Institution · 2025-08-01 · Article · 1,652 words
A key question will be whether the KMT will be able to capitalize on this result and build support for its vision for Taiwan’s future.
Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs: FY2025 Budget and Appropriations
Congressional Research Service · 2025-08-01 · Reports · 14,403 words · PDF available
Each year, Congress considers 12 distinct appropriations measures to fund federal programs and activities. One of these measures is the Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs (S...
National Landslide Preparedness Act and the Status of Landslide Risk Reduction
Congressional Research Service · 2025-08-01 · Resources · 1,580 words · PDF available
In 2021, Congress passed the National Landslide Preparedness Act (NLPA; P.L. 116-323, 43 U.S.C. §§3101 et seq.). Among its provisions, the NLPA directs the Secretary of the Interior (hereinafter, the ...
Taxation of Social Security Benefits and the Senior Deduction in P.L. 119-21: In Brief
Congressional Research Service · 2025-08-01 · Reports · 4,516 words · PDF available
This report highlights how taxation of benefits is impacted by the new senior deduction in Section 70103 of the recently enacted P.L. 119-21. While the new senior deduction has been discussed in the c...
National Park Service Affiliated Areas: An Overview
Congressional Research Service · 2025-08-01 · Resources · 1,746 words · PDF available
In addition to managing the 433 units of the National Park System, the National Park Service (NPS) manages or assists with other areas that are linked in importance and purpose to this system. These r...
Freight Rail Safety Issues in the 119th Congress
Congressional Research Service · 2025-08-01 · Reports · 9,301 words · PDF available
The February 3, 2023, train derailment and chemical spill in East Palestine, OH, raised the profile of rail safety issues. Railroad labor organizations and some state and local governments have voiced...
The Emergency Food Assistance Program (TEFAP): Background and Funding
Congressional Research Service · 2025-08-01 · Reports · 13,566 words · PDF available
The Emergency Food Assistance Program (TEFAP) is a federal food distribution program that supports food banks, food pantries, soup kitchens, and other emergency feeding organizations serving low-incom...