FDA Oversight of Food Safety and Foodborne Illness Outbreaks
Background
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimate that foodborne pathogens account for 48 million illnesses, 128,000 hospitalizations, and 3,000 deaths per year. In 2024, the Fo...
Tribal Self-Determination Authorities: Overview and Issues for Congress
Congress has broad authority over issues relating to federally recognized Tribes (hereinafter, Tribes), and its approach to tribal issues has fluctuated over time. Beginning in the 1970s, Congress est...
Turkey (Türkiye), the PKK, and U.S. Involvement: Chronology
Turkey’s (alt. Türkiye) decades-long struggle with the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (Kurdish acronym PKK) has fostered both cooperation and contention between the United States and Turkey. The PKK, a U.S....
Cybersecurity: Selected Cyberattacks, 20122024
Many Members of Congress have raised concerns over the frequency, types, and impacts of cyber incidents during hearings, speeches, and in legislation. Cyber incidents affect nearly every national enti...
Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania: Background and U.S.-Baltic Relations
Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, often referred to as the Baltic states, are democracies and close U.S. allies. Strong U.S. relations with these three states are rooted in history. The United States ne...
Democracy and Human Rights in U.S. Foreign Policy: Evolution, Tools, and Considerations for Congress
U.S. law declares the promotion and protection of democracy, human rights, and fundamental freedoms to be “principal” and “fundamental” goals of U.S. foreign policy. Congress has debated matters of de...
The North Atlantic Treaty: U.S. Legal Obligations and Congressional Authorities
On July 21, 1949, the Senate passed a resolution giving its advice and consent to the ratification of the North Atlantic Treaty, the multilateral collective security agreement that established the Nor...
The Presidential Inaugural Parade: Past Practices and Congressional Considerations
Every four years, following the swearing-in ceremony, inaugural address, and congressional luncheon at the U.S. Capitol, the newly sworn in President traditionally travels to the White House and obser...
FTC Revives Enforcement of the RobinsonPatman Act
On December 12, 2024, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) sued Southern Glazer’s Wine and Spirits (Southern), the largest U.S. distributor of wine and spirits, alleging that the company violated the Ro...
Jimmy Carter: Electoral Context and Background on Campaign Finance and Elections Policy
James Earl “Jimmy” Carter, Jr., the 39th President of the United States and former Georgia Governor, died on December 29, 2024. As Congress prepares for a state funeral, this CRS Insight discusses sel...
Presidential State Funerals: Past Practices and Current Considerations
On December 29, 2024, former President James Earl “Jimmy” Carter, Jr. died. In the tradition of past presidential deaths, President Carter will receive a state funeral (designated as a National Specia...