Biden Administration Withdraws Offshore Areas from Oil and Gas Leasing: Can a Withdrawal Be Withdrawn?
On January 6, 2025, President Joe Biden issued two presidential memoranda directing the withdrawal of areas in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and the Gulf of Mexico, as well as the northern Bering Se...
The National Institutes of Health (NIH): Background and Congressional Issues
The National Institutes of Health (NIH), under the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), is the leading federal agency for biomedical and health research. In FY2024, NIH used its over $47 bil...
FDA Oversight of Food Safety and Foodborne Illness Outbreaks
Background
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimate that foodborne pathogens account for 48 million illnesses, 128,000 hospitalizations, and 3,000 deaths per year. In 2024, the Fo...
Tribal Self-Determination Authorities: Overview and Issues for Congress
Congress has broad authority over issues relating to federally recognized Tribes (hereinafter, Tribes), and its approach to tribal issues has fluctuated over time. Beginning in the 1970s, Congress est...
Turkey (Türkiye), the PKK, and U.S. Involvement: Chronology
Turkey’s (alt. Türkiye) decades-long struggle with the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (Kurdish acronym PKK) has fostered both cooperation and contention between the United States and Turkey. The PKK, a U.S....
Cybersecurity: Selected Cyberattacks, 20122024
Many Members of Congress have raised concerns over the frequency, types, and impacts of cyber incidents during hearings, speeches, and in legislation. Cyber incidents affect nearly every national enti...